The level of protection of body armor is classified according to its design purpose and the level of threat it faces. The Chinese standards are divided into GA 141-2010 police grade and GJB 4300 series military standards, both of which set strict protection standards for different scenarios and types of ammunition. The GA 141-2010 is aimed at police revolvers and QSZ92 pistols, while the GJB 4300 series is aimed at the military, with detailed rounds and fragmentation grades, from I to IV, corresponding to the V50 speed requirements for different penetration resistance. Military body armor protection levels pay more attention to bullet-proof ability, such as GJB 4300A-2012 stipulates the protection level of 17 gray-fragments, type 54 handgun bullets and type 53 arm-piercing bullets, and the protection distance of handgun bullets and rifle bullets is strictly limited during testing.
The secret weapon of bulletproof technology
The core of body armor is to dissipate the kinetic energy of the bullet to prevent penetration. Among them, bulletproof ceramics and insert materials such as PE and aramid (Kevlar) are interwoven, and the number of layers is usually between 20 and 50 layers. China and the United States have different bulletproof standards, China's NIJ 0101.06 standard distinguishes between IIA to IV, corresponding to the protection of pistols and rifles, respectively, and the deformation is limited to 44mm. American standards are more stringent, such as NIJ 0106.01 bulletproof helmet classification, level I protection.22LR and 38 Special, while IIIA level has become the mainstream, the difference is mainly reflected in the level I protection level.
Full protection: bulletproof shield and helmet
Police bulletproof shields such as GA 423-2015 are also rated from 1 to 6 for handguns and rifle rounds, with specific provisions for specific types of ammunition threats. Bulletproof helmets such as GA 293-2012, the anti-hand gun grade is divided into 1 to 2, while the products on the market have 3 and 4 levels, the military standard is defined by GJB 5115-2004, and there are clear V50 speed and deformation limits on bulletproof performance.
For bulletproof glass, GA 165-2016 provides protection levels for different types of handgun bullets, such as levels 1 to 3 corresponding to 62×17 mm handgun bullets (lead). The grades of anti-step ammunition range from the Type 56 semi-automatic rifle at level 4 to the Type 85 sniper rifle armor-piercing incendiary ammunition at level 6, taking into account the important factor of bullet speed.
Special threats and special protection
For special ammunition threats, such as Type 05 police handgun rounds, QSZ92 handgun rounds and Type 54 handgun rounds, there are corresponding levels of bulletproof standards, such as level 1 to 2. In GA 165-2016, level 6 represents special protection against this particular threat.
In general, the classification of body armor is determined by the severity of the threat, the type of bullet and the speed, and each level of protection has its own specific test standards and application scenarios.
